ARROWS proposes to adapt and develop low cost autonomous underwater vehicle technologies to significantly reduce the cost of archaeological operations, covering the full extent of archaeological campaign. Benefiting from the significant investments already made for military security and offshore oil and gas applications, the project aims to demonstrate an illustrative portfolio of mapping, diagnosis and excavation tasks. To ensure the wide exploitability of the results the requirements are defined and the solutions are tested in two historically significant but environmentalmentally very different contexts, in the Mediterranean Sea and in The Baltic Sea.